Timothy J. Sullivan papers Guide to the Timothy J. Sullivan papers UA 2.19

Guide to the Timothy J. Sullivan papers UA 2.19


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Special Collections Research Center

William & Mary Special Collections Research Center
Earl Gregg Swem Library
400 Landrum Dr
Williamsburg, Virginia
Business Number: 757-221-3090
spcoll@wm.edu
URL: https://libraries.wm.edu/libraries-spaces/special-collections

William & Mary Special Collections Research Center staff.

Repository
Special Collections Research Center
Identification
UA 2.19
Title
Timothy J. Sullivan papers 1981-1992
Quantity
5.42 Linear Feet, 13 Hollinger boxes
Creator
Sullivan, Timothy J.
Creator
Office of the President
Language
English

Administrative Information

Conditions Governing Use:

Before reproducing or quoting from any materials, in whole or in part, permission must be obtained from the Special Collections Research Center, and the holder of the copyright, if not Swem Library.

Conditions Governing Access:

Manuscript collections and archival records may contain materials with sensitive or confidential information that is protected under federal or state right to privacy laws and regulations, such as the Virginia Public Records Act (Code of Virginia. § 42.1-76-91); and the Virginia Freedom of Information Act (Code of Virginia § 2.2-3705.5). Confidential material may include, but is not limited to, educational, medical, and personnel records. If sensitive material is found in this collection, please contact a staff member immediately. The disclosure of personally identifiable information pertaining to a living individual may have legal consequences for which the College of William and Mary assumes no responsibility.

Preferred Citation:

Timothy J. Sullivan papers, Special Collections Research Center, William & Mary Libraries.

Acquisition Information:

Accession 2005.25 was a gift of Timothy Sullivan on 10/19/2005. Accession 2008. 138 was received 9/2005. Acquisition information for material received after 7/13/2009 is available by consulting a Special Collections Research Center staff member.

Processing Information:

Accession 2005.25 was accessioned in 2005 by Stacy Gould. Accession 2008. 138 was accessioned from the backlog 12/11/2008 by Amy Schindler. Collection reprocessed in 2024.


Biographical Information:

Timothy Jackson Sullivan was born on April 15, 1944. He attended William & Mary in 1962 and graduated in 1966 with a Bachelors degree in government, a Phi Beta Kappa key, and membership in Omicron Delta Kappa. After receiving a law degree from Harvard University in 1969, Sullivan served in the Army Signal Corps during the Vietnam War. He received the Army Commendation Medal, First Oak Leaf Cluster and Bronze Star as a result of his services.

Sullivan returned to William & Mary in 1972 as an assistant professor at the Marshall-Wythe School of Law where he specialized in teaching contract law. He became an associate law professor in 1974, then full professor and associate dean in 1977. From 1981-1982, he was the visiting law professor at the University of Virginia School of Law. He served for nearly three years as the executive assistant of policy for then Governor Charles S. Robb. Sullivan returned to Marshall-Wythe in 1984, as the John Stewart Bryan Professor of Jurisprudence. He became dean of the law school in July 1985. He is a member of the Virginia and Ohio State Bar as well as a Fellow of the Virginia Bar Foundation and the American Bar Foundation. He also served as Chair of the Governing Board, Council of Presidents.

Sullivan was elected president of William & Mary on April 9, 1992 by the Board of Visitors and was sworn in as president on June 1, eight months before the college began its 300th anniversary celebration. Sullivan served as president until June 30, 2005.

Scope and Contents

Collection contains papers belonging to Timothy J. Sullivan. Materials include those from the Board of Education, Sullivan's memorandum from the governor's office, and material from Sullivan's participation in the Governor's Task Force on Substance Abuse and Sexual Assault.

Arrangement

The collection is arranged into three series: Series I. Governor's Office papers, Series II. Board of Education papers and Series III. Corespondence.

Related Material

The records of Sullivan's tenure as President of William & Mary are in the records of the Office of the President, Timothy J. Sullivan Records (UA 2.18). In accession 1993.14, three videotapes of Sullivan's inauguration, were added to the Videotape Collection. Additional audio, visual, and publications are available in other University Archives collections. Consult a staff member for further details.

Subjects and Indexing Terms

  • College of William and Mary--Presidents
  • College presidents
  • College presidents--Virginia
  • Correspondence
  • Governors -- Virginia
  • Manuscripts (document genre)
  • Sexual harassment.
  • Substance abuse
  • Substance abuse -- Treatment
  • Substance abuse -- United States -- Prevention

Container List

Series I. Governor's Office papers
1982-1992
Arrangement

Series is arranged alphabetically by title.

Scope and Contents

Timothy J. Sullivan served for nearly three years as executive assistant for policy for Governor Charles S. Robb. Materials in this series include professional papers during his time working in the Governor's office.

  • Mixed Materials box: 1 Folder: 1
    Advising the Governor speakers 1986
    1985-1986
  • Mixed Materials box: 1 folder: 2
    CIA Seminar 29-30 October 1990
    1990
  • Mixed Materials box: 1 folder: 3
    Commission Meeting June 7
    1989-1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 1 folder: 4
    Commission on the Future of Virginia's Judiciary System - Report
    1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 1 folder: 5
    Democratic Leadership Council Conference
    1986-1987
  • Mixed Materials box: 1 folder: 6
    Draft and Final Report on Public Safety
    1985-1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 1 folder: 7
    Enforcement Committee- June 17, 1991
    1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 1 folder: 8
    Enforcement Committee, May 24, 1991
    1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 1 folder: 9
    Enforcement Committee Meeting- August 21, 1991
    1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 2 Folder: 10
    England- November 1989
    1989-1990
  • Mixed Materials box: 2 folder: 11
    Governor Charles S. Robb 1
    1983-1984
  • Mixed Materials box: 2 folder: 12
    Governor Charles S. Robb 2
    1985-1988
  • Mixed Materials box: 2 folder: 13
    Governor Charles S. Robb 3
    1989-1992
  • Mixed Materials box: 2 folder: 14
    Governor's Commission on Domestic Spending
    1986-1987
  • Mixed Materials box: 3 Folder: 15
    Governor's Commission on Virginia's Future
    1984-1992
  • Mixed Materials box: 3 folder: 16
    Governor's Enforcement Committee
    1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 3 folder: 17
    Governor's Fellow Program
    1986-1987
  • Mixed Materials box: 3 folder: 18
    Governor's Task Force Meetings, 1991
    1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 3 folder: 19
    Governor's Task Force on Substance Abuse and Sexual Assault on College Campuses I
    1990-1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 3 folder: 20
    Governor's Task Force on Substance Abuse and Sexual Assault on College Campuses II
    1991-1992
  • Mixed Materials box: 3 folder: 21
    Governor's Task Force on Substance Abuse and Sexual Assault on College Campuses III
    1990-1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 3 folder: 22
    Joint Campaign Appearance
    1985
  • Mixed Materials box: 4 Folder: 23
    Low Level Waste Papers I
    1982-1984
  • Mixed Materials Box: 4 Folder: 24
    Low Level Waste Papers II
    1984
  • Mixed Materials Box: 4 folder: 25
    Low Level Waste Papers III
    1984
  • Mixed Materials Box: 4 folder: 26
    Low Level Waste Papers VI
    1985
  • Mixed Materials Box: 4 folder: 27
    Low Level Waste Papers V
    1985
  • Mixed Materials Box: 4 folder: 28
    Mary Washington College reports
    1990-1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 5 Folder: 29
    Memorandum I
    1982-1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 5 folder: 30
    Memorandum II
    1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 5 folder: 31
    National Alliance of Business (Panel), Washington, DC- 13, March 1992
    1992
  • Mixed Materials box: 5 folder: 32
    National Governor's Association Awards Committee 1988
    1986-1988
  • Mixed Materials box: 5 folder: 33
    Office of the Attorney General, Enforcement Committee
    1986-1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 5 folder: 34
    Professionalism Course, 1988, Richmond, VA
    1988-1990
  • Mixed Materials box: 5 folder: 35
    Report to the Governor and General Assembly on Sexual Assault
    1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 5 Folder: 36
    Roanoke Meeting September 27, 1991
    1989-1992
  • Mixed Materials box: 5 folder: 37
    Secretary of Public Safety Commission Meeting, July 24
    1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 6 folder: 38
    Sexual Assault on Campus Task Force
    1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 6 folder: 39
    Southeast Compact Meeting
    1984-1986
  • Mixed Materials box: 6 folder: 40
    Steven Salbu Dissertation
    1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 6 folder: 41
    Steven Salbu Dissertation Notes
    1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 6 folder: 42
    Steven Salbu Outline
    1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 6 folder: 43
    Teacher's Manual Appendix
    1988
  • Mixed Materials box: 6 folder: 44
    Teacher's Manual: Virginia State Bar Course on Professionalism
    1988
  • Mixed Materials box: 6 folder: 45
    Teacher's Notes- Professionalism Course
    1988
  • Mixed Materials box: 7 Folder: 46
    Treatment Committee
    1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 7 folder: 47
    Virginia State Bar
    1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 7 folder: 48
    Virginia State Bar- Professionalism Course, December 15-16, 1988
    1988
  • Mixed Materials box: 7 folder: 49
    Virginia State Bar Professional Handbook: 1986 Handbook
    1986
  • Mixed Materials box: 7 folder: 50
    Virginia State Bar Course on Professionalism
    1990
  • Mixed Materials box: 7 folder: 51
    VA Students, Substance Abuse and Sexual Assault
    1989-1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 7 folder: 52
    Virginia Tech
    1990-1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 7 Folder: 53
    Wren Building Portraits
Series II. Board of Education papers
1986-1992
Arrangement

Series is arranged alphabetically by title.

Scope and Contents

Timothy J. Sullivan was a member of the Virginia Board of education. Materials in this series refelct his work with the Virginia Board of Education.

  • Mixed Materials box: 7 Folder: 54
    Ad Hoc Committee on Teacher Committees, 1986 #1
    1986-1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 8 Folder: 55
    Ad Hoc Committee on Teacher Committees, 1986 #2
    1986-1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 8 folder: 56
    Ad Hoc: November 15, 1988
    1988
  • Mixed Materials box: 8 folder: 57
    Ad Hoc Teacher Education: January 7, 1988
    1986-1988
  • Mixed Materials box: 8 folder: 58
    Board of Education: April 17, 1989 Ad Hoc Meeting
    1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 8 folder: 59
    Board of Education, April 26, 1989, Fairfax, VA
    1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 8 folder: 60
    Board of Education: June 1989
    1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 8 folder: 61
    Board of Education: July 1989 Meeting
    1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 9 folder: 62
    Board of Education, March 1992
    1987-1988
  • Mixed Materials box: 9 Folder: 63
    Board of Education, September 1989
    1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 9 folder: 64
    Board of Education, October 1989
    1989-1990
  • Mixed Materials box: 9 Folder: 65
    Board of Education: Long-Range Planning
    1986-1992
  • Mixed Materials box: 9 folder: 66
    Board of Education: Management Study
    1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 9 folder: 67
    Board of Education: Restructured Meeting Agenda
    1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 9 folder: 68
    Board of Education: Vouchers
    1987-1992
  • Mixed Materials box: 10 Folder: 69
    CES-RAC
    1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 10 folder: 70
    Committee For School For Deaf and Blind
    1990
  • Mixed Materials box: 10 folder: 71
    Deaf and Blind Hearing, 27 February 1991
    1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 10 folder: 72
    Dean Sullivan Papers
    1990
  • Mixed Materials box: 10 folder: 73
    Department of Education- Management Study
    1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 10 folder: 74
    Executive Director of the State
    1990
  • Mixed Materials box: 10 folder: 75
    Family Life Education
    1988
  • Mixed Materials box: 10 folder: 76
    Focus Group
    1990-1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 10 folder: 77
    Focus Group: Teaching and Learning
    1987-1991
  • Mixed Materials box: 10 folder: 78
    Further Changes in Proposed Pupil Transportation Regulations
    1988
  • Mixed Materials box: 10 folder: 79
    National Teacher of the Year
    1989
  • Mixed Materials box: 11 folder: 80
    Public Hearing on Textbooks/ Board of Education
    1988
  • Mixed Materials box: 11 folder: 81
    Report to the Governor's Office
    1988
  • Mixed Materials box: 11 folder: 82
    Residential School for the Gifted
    1990
  • Mixed Materials box: 11 folder: 83
    VASPA Speech, May 4, 1990
    1990
  • Mixed Materials box: 11 folder: 84
    VA Literacy Testing Program
    1989-1992
  • Mixed Materials box: 11 folder: 85
    Virginia State Bar Course on Professionalism
    Undated
  • Mixed Materials box: 11 folder: 86
    Virginia State Bar Professionalism Course Faculty Handbook
    1988-1989
Series III. Correspondence
1982-1984
Arrangement

Series is arranged alphabetically by last name and chronologically by date within folders.

Scope and Contents

Series includes professional correspondence to and from Timothy J. Sullivan.

  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 87
    Abraham, Philip
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 88
    Adair, Fred L.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 89
    Akman, Jerome P.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 90
    Allen, Wanda
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 91
    Ares, Charles E.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 92
    Atkinson, Frank B.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 93
    Baliles, Gerald L.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 94
    Beales, Randy
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 95
    Boucher, Rick
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 96
    Brand, Cabell
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 97
    Broaddus, William G.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 98
    Bryan, John M.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 99
    Carter, L. Blaine
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 100
    Carter, William J.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 101
    Casteen, John T. III
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 102
    Cato, Ben and Wilma
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 103
    Certh, John V.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 104
    Cohn, David S.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 105
    Connock, Stuart
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 106
    Crouch Robert P. Jr.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 107
    Dickerson, Richard
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 108
    DiPaolo, Roger F.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 109
    Disclosure form
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 110
    Department of Health-Kenley, James B.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 111
    Doran, Karen C.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 112
    Duvall, Charles R. Jr.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 113
    Egelhoff, Carol
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 114
    Forbes, Ann
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 115
    Fowler, Donald L.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 116
    Gall, Robert
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 117
    Gamage, Stewart H.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 118
    Garland, Corinne
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 119
    Gavron, Mel
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 120
    Gitelman, Morton
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 121
    Gottschalk, Patrick O.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 122
    Governor, Robb Charles, S.
    1982-1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 123
    Graves, Thomas A.
    1982-1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 124
    Grayson, George W.
    1982-1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 125
    Harcum, Phoebe M.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 126
    Hart, James B.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 127
    Hart, M. Scott
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 128
    Harris, Grace E.
    1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 129
    Hester, Theodore M.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 130
    Healy, George R.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 131
    Holtan, Linwood
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 132
    Higgins, Daniel C.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 133
    Johnson, Judy
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 134
    Jolls, Thomas H.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 135
    Kaplan, Robert R.
    1981-1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 136
    Karnas Fred Jr.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 137
    Kilbridge, William J.
    1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 138
    Kimball Theatre
    Undated
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 139
    Kissinger, Henry A.
    2012
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 140
    Kneedler, H. Lane
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 141
    Lee, Wayne M.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 142
    Loring, Murray
    1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 143
    Lawance, Carter O.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 144
    Lee, Francis C.
    1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 145
    Lowe, Elizabeth B.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 146
    Marsh, Carolyn O.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 12 folder: 147
    Martin, Lawrence A.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 Folder: 148
    Martin, Larry
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 149
    Mansan, Jennifer Joy
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 150
    Mason-West, Carol Ann
    1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 151
    McCloud, David
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 152
    McConnell, Edward B.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 153
    McGlennon, John
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 154
    Merrill, Richard A.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 155
    Morris, William H.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 Folder: 156
    Naismith, Laurie
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 157
    Nash Jr., Joseph H.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 158
    Nolan, Thomas G.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 159
    O'Connell, Jeffrey
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 160
    O'Ferrall, McLain T.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 161
    Oliver, James B.
    1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 Folder: 162
    Open Court Publishing Company
    1988
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 163
    Orth, John V.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 164
    Parnicky, Joseph J.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 165
    Payne Jr., J. Stanley
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 166
    Prokop, Susan
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 167
    Rattray, James B.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 168
    Rayburn, Jean L.
    1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 169
    Richter, Tom
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 170
    Ripple, G. Gary
    1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 171
    Russell, Charles
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 172
    Salbu, Steven
    1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 173
    Saurs, Mark W.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 174
    Schildt, William
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 175
    Schauer, Frederick F.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 176
    Scott, Robert C.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 177
    Sharp, Isadore
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 178
    Shaw, Kathy
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 179
    Shropshire, Jay T.
    1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 180
    Silverado Country Club and Resort
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 181
    Slinger, Rev. Joseph T.
    1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 182
    Smith, Lawrence G.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 183
    Spong Jr., William B.
    1982-1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 184
    State Board of Elections
    1982-1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 185
    Stone, Steven David
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 186
    Strauss, Charles L.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 187
    Sullivan's Personal Papers
    1982-1984
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 188
    Suttan, Ronald D.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 189
    Taafe, James G.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 190
    Teig, Eva
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 191
    Terry, Mary Sue
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 192
    Terry, Michael M.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 193
    Thomas II, James J.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 194
    Thomas, William Griffith
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 195
    Tampkins Jr., Joseph B.
    1982-1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 196
    Trautman, Judith E.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 197
    Uppal, Jag
    1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 198
    Vaughan, Robert J.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 199
    Vliet, Gordon C.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 200
    Vollmer, Peter M.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 201
    Walk, R.A.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 202
    Walck, Richard E.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 203
    Watkins, Susan Cary
    1981-1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 Folder: 204
    Webb, Prentiss A.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 205
    Weeks Jr., Ross
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 206
    Welsh, Robert E.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 207
    White, James P.
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 208
    Williams, Regina V.K.
    1982-1984
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 209
    Witzgall, Kurt
    1983
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 210
    Wood, Debbie
    1982
  • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 211
    Unidentified
    Undated
  • First name correspondence
    • Mixed Materials box: 13 folder: 212
      Jerry
      1982